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S-186樹脂在碳纖維纏繞成型復(fù)材中應(yīng)用
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更新日期： 2021-7-14 |
碳纖維纏繞是一種復(fù)合材料連續(xù)成型方法，是將浸過樹脂膠液的連續(xù)纖維或布帶，按照一定規(guī)律纏繞到芯模上，然后固化脫模成復(fù)合材料制品。
Carbon fiber winding is a continuous molding method of composite materials, which is to wind continuous fibers or fabrics impregnated with resin glue on a core mold according to a certain rule, and then solidify and demold into composite products.
常用的濕法纏繞成型用基體樹脂主要有不飽和聚酯和環(huán)氧樹脂。要求樹脂在室溫或工作溫度下具有一定的粘度及較長適用期。樹脂澆注體及碳纖維復(fù)合材料須具有良好的力學(xué)性能和耐熱性能。
Commonly used matrix resins for wet winding mainly include unsaturated polyester and epoxy resin. These resins are required to possess a certain viscosity and a long pot life at room temperature or work temperature. Resin cast body and carbon fiber composite must have good mechanical property and heat resistance.
S-186屬于三官能度環(huán)氧樹脂，其分子結(jié)構(gòu)中含有一個(gè)脂環(huán)環(huán)氧基和兩個(gè)縮水甘油酯基。
S-186 is a trifunctional epoxy resin with one alicyclic epoxy group and two glycidyl ester groups in its molecular structure.
特性 Characteristics
● 耐高溫 150-200℃
Resistant to high temperature of 150-200℃
● 耐候性好
Good weatherability
● 高強(qiáng)度
High strength
● 高粘結(jié)性
High adhesion
S-186樹脂克服了雙酚A型環(huán)氧樹脂耐候性差，抗沖擊性能差等缺點(diǎn)，可用于制備高性能復(fù)合材料。
The resin S-186 has overcome the disadvantages of bisphenol A epoxy resins, including poor weatherability, poor anti-shock performance and so on. It can be used in production of high-performance composite materials.
由于S-186環(huán)氧樹脂分子上的縮水甘油酯基具有較高的反應(yīng)活性，所以該樹脂比普通脂環(huán)族環(huán)氧樹脂活性高。從而克服了一般脂環(huán)族環(huán)氧樹脂對(duì)脂肪胺反應(yīng)活性低，對(duì)咪唑及三級(jí)胺幾乎不能固化的缺點(diǎn)。故S-186樹脂既能酸酐固化又能胺類固化。
Due to its quite active glycidyl ester group, the resin S-186 has higher reactivity than ordinary cycloaliphatic epoxy resin, which can overcome the shortcomings of most cycloaliphatic epoxy resins such as low reactivity to aliphatic amines, almost non-curing effect on imidazole and tertiary amines. Therefore, the resin S-186 can be cured both by anhydrides and amines.
S-186樹脂-酸酐固化體系
S-186 resin and anhydride curing system
● 常用的酸酐：鄰苯二甲酸酐，四/六氫苯酐，甲基四/六氫苯酐，甲基納迪克酸酐
Commonly used anhydrides: phthalic anhydride, tetra/hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl tetra/hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl nadic anhydride
● 固化反應(yīng)機(jī)理：在無催化劑的情況下即使溫度高達(dá)200℃，環(huán)氧基與酸酐的反應(yīng)也很遲鈍。酸酐通過與體系內(nèi)的羥基反應(yīng)來固化雙酚A類環(huán)氧樹脂，固化反應(yīng)速度與羥基濃度成正比。
Curing reaction mechanism: In the absence of a catalyst, even if the temperature is as high as 200°C, the reaction between epoxy group and acid anhydride is very slow. The acid anhydride can react with hydroxyl group in the system for curing bisphenol A epoxy resin. The curing speed is proportional to the concentration of hydroxyl group.
S-186分子與四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐反應(yīng)必須在體系中加入催化劑。苯胺作為促進(jìn)劑加入體系中可與酸酐發(fā)生?；磻?yīng)，生成酰基衍生物和羧基。羧基可與環(huán)氧基發(fā)生反應(yīng)生成仲醇，在體系內(nèi)引入了羥基，從而達(dá)到加速反應(yīng)目的。
A catalyst must be added into the system when S-186 reacts with tetrahydrophthalic anhydride. Aniline can be added into the system as an accelerator to react with acid anhydride to generate acyl derivatives and carboxyl groups. The carboxyl group can react with the epoxy group to form a secondary alcohol, and a hydroxyl group is introduced into the system to achieve the purpose of accelerating the reaction.
S-186樹脂-胺類固化體系
S-186 resin and amine curing system
● 常用的胺類固化劑：脂肪胺，芳香族胺類固化劑（間苯二胺, 間苯二甲胺, 4,4-二氨基二苯基甲烷, DDS）
Commonly used amine curing agents: aliphatic amine, aromatic amine curing agent (m-phenylenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane, DDS)
●固化反應(yīng)機(jī)理：常溫下用脂肪胺冷固化。由于誘導(dǎo)效應(yīng)，易受親核試劑“胺類”的攻擊，但S-186與脂肪胺的反應(yīng)要比雙酚A型溫和很多。
Curing reaction mechanism: It is cold-cured with aliphatic amine at room temperature. Due to the induction effect, it is vulnerable to the attack of "amines" as nucleophiles, but the reaction of S-186 with aliphatic amines is much milder than that of bisphenol A type.
對(duì)于S-186/DDS體系按所確定的工藝制備澆注體，測(cè)其各項(xiàng)性能，同時(shí)與CYD-128/DDS體系作對(duì)比，從表中可以看出，S-186/DDS體系各項(xiàng)性能遠(yuǎn)高于CYD-128/DDS體系。
For the S-186/DDS system, prepare the pouring body according to the determined process and then test its various properties. At the same time, compare it with CYD-128/DDS system. It can be seen from the table that the performance of the S-186/DDS system is far higher than that of the CYD-128/DDS system.|
表1 S-186澆鑄體性能 |
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|
性能 |
TDE-85/DDS |
CYD-128/DDS |
|
拉伸強(qiáng)度/MPa |
62.2 |
52.4 |
|
拉伸模量/GPa |
4.3 |
2.85 |
|
斷裂延伸率/% |
1.6 |
5.24 |
|
壓縮強(qiáng)度/MPa |
203.3 |
128.2 |
|
彎曲強(qiáng)度/MPa |
113.3 |
81.51 |
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熱變形溫度/℃ |
214 |
139 |
|
沖擊強(qiáng)度/kJ·m-2 |
14.6 |
28.2 |
|
硬度/kg·mm-2 |
28.85 |
21.58 |
|
線膨脹系數(shù)/℃-1 |
4.44x10-5 |
|
|
密度/g·cm-3 |
1.3107 |
1.23 |
S-186/DDS/S-GF（增強(qiáng)材料）復(fù)合材料性能
S-186/DDS/S-GF (reinforced material) composite material performance
研究結(jié)果表明，所制備的復(fù)合材料，其各項(xiàng)性能均比CYD-128/DDS/S-GF復(fù)合材料性能高，尤其是彎曲強(qiáng)度，提高了106%。
Some research results show that the composite material prepared has higher performance than CYD-128/DDS/S-GF composite material. Especially its bending strength is increased by 106%.|
表2 TDE-85/DDS/S-GF和CYD-128/DDS/S-GF復(fù)合材料性能對(duì)比 |
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|
性能 |
TDE-85/DDS/S-GF |
CYD-128/DDS/S-GF |
前者比后者提高的百分率/% |
|
拉伸強(qiáng)度/MPa |
1276.4 |
1065.9 |
19.7 |
|
拉伸模量/GPa |
58.1 |
42.3 |
37.4 |
|
彎曲強(qiáng)度/MPa |
2008.1 |
974.3 |
106 |
|
剪切強(qiáng)度/MPa |
114.5 |
86.1 |
33 |
|
壓縮強(qiáng)度/MPa |
1126.2 |
760.9 |
48 |
|
纖維體積含量/% |
61.2 |
60.1 |
|
碳纖維纏繞復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用及發(fā)展前景
Application and development prospects of carbon fiber reinforced composites
碳纖維纏繞成型可充分發(fā)揮其高的比強(qiáng)度、比模量以及低密度的特點(diǎn)，可應(yīng)用于壓力容器、大型貯罐、高壓管道、火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)殼體等國防和民用領(lǐng)域。
Filament winding technology can give full play to its characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus and low density. It can be used in national defense and civil fields such as pressure vessels, large storage tanks, high-pressure pipelines, rocket engine shells, etc.
氫能是21世紀(jì)最有潛力的新型能源，具有高能、環(huán)保、可再生等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但氫氣的儲(chǔ)運(yùn)技術(shù)滯后嚴(yán)重限制了其大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。碳纖維纏繞復(fù)合材料氫氣瓶因具有質(zhì)量輕、韌性強(qiáng)、耐疲勞性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在儲(chǔ)氫領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
Hydrogen energy is the most promising new energy source in the 21st century. It has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and renewable energy, but the lagging technology of hydrogen storage and transportation severely limits its large-scale application. The hydrogen cylinder which is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite has broad application prospects in the field of hydrogen storage, because it has advantages of light weight, strong toughness and good fatigue resistance.
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